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Basic Immunology (FOKOGEN236_1A, 3rd Semester, 2 credits)
Basic Immunology (FOKOGEN037_1A, 5th Semester, 3 credits)

Topic list

Please note that because of possible unforeseen changes of the virus situation, there might be changes to the regulations described below. In case of any changes we inform you on the startup page of the website of the department and by Neptun messages.
Please read the general compulsory safety regulation: http://gsi.semmelweis.hu/files/2020-21_1/Safety_Regulations_COVID.pdf.

Course Description: This course provides a basic knowledge of the structure and mechanisms of the immune system, immunological responses in health and disease. 

Topic list and Schedule

Dear Students!

From 16 November 2020: because of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic situation, lectures and practices are held online (in Zoom).
Please find the Zoom URLs of lecture and practices on ZOOM tab.

Week

Lectures (2*45 min. / week)
Tuesday 10:00 - 11:30
NET Selye (Green) Lecture Hall

Practices / Seminars (1*45 min. / week)

1.
(Sept 7-11)

The roles, processes, organs and cells of the immune system
ppt 
/ with voice: ppt

The immune system in the lab
ppt

2.
(Sept 14-18)

Principles of natural immunity
ppt 
/ with voice: ppt

Methods based on antigen-antibody interactions I. Basic concepts related to diagnostic antibody
ppt

3.
(Sept 21-25)

The complement system
ppt 
/ with voice: ppt

Methods based on antigen-antibody interactions II. Immunoserology
ppt

4.
(Sept 28 - Oct 2)

Inflammation and acute phase reaction
ppt
 / with voice: video

Methods based on antigen-antibody interactions III. immune-assays
ppt

5.
(Oct 5-9)

Antigen, antigen presentation and MHCs
ppt 
/ Zoom video: video

Methods based on antigen-antibody interactions IV. Flow cytometry
ppt

6.
(Oct 12-16)

Midterm test in Moodle
The first Moodle exam is on the 15th October between 5-6 pm.
doc

Antigen receptors and their formation
ppt
 / Zoom video: video

Complement assays
ppt

7.
(Oct 19-22)

T lymphocytes and cell-mediated immune response
ppt 
/ Zoom video: video

HLA typing
ppt

8.
(Oct 26-30)

B lymphocytes and humoral immune response
ppt 
/ Zoom video: video

Immunization and vaccination
ppt

9.
(Nov 2-6)

Immune response in infections;
immunodeficiencies
ppt 
/ with voice: ppt

Biological therapies I.
ppt

10.
(Nov 9-13)

Mucosal immunity
ppt 
/ with voice: ppt

Biological therapies II.
ppt

11.
(Nov 16-20)

Hypersensitivity reactions
ppt 
/ with voice: ppt

Hypersensitivity I.
ppt

12.
(Nov 23-27)

Midterm test in Moodle
The second Moodle exam is on the 25th October between 5:30-6:00 pm.
doc

Immunological tolerance; natural and pathological autoimmunity
ppt 
/ Zoom video: video

Hypersensitivity II-IV.
ppt 
/ with voice: ppt

13.
(Nov 30 - Dec 4)

Antitumor immunity
ppt 
/ Zoom video: video

Screening methods for autoantibodies
ppt 
/ with voice: ppt

14.
(Dec 7-11)

Immunology of transplantation
ppt 
/ Zoom video: video

Case studies / Pre-exam consultation

Note:
The order of the lectures and seminarss may be subject to modifications. 

 

ZOOM

Zoom URL of the lecture on 8th Dec (Zsolt Komlósi): Please sign in to access the URL!


Please find below the join URLs of the online practices. 
All practices start as announced in the timetable of this semester. 

Please sign in to access the URL! 

 

 

Course information


Prerequisite subject:
Anatomy (Maxillofacial Anatomy) IV., Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellbiology III.; Medical and Dental Physiology II

 

Course Instructors and Contact Information:

Course instructor: Dr Marianna Csilla Holub, PhD
Office: NET 618
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Emails must include your full name, faculty and student number and have a descriptive subject line.
Expect an average response time of 2 business days. Email will not be checked on weekends or holidays.

Office hours: Because of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic situation, educational administration is managed electronically. In case of questions and/or concerns better addressed in person , ask about the possibility of personal administration at the education administrator's phone number or e-mail address.

Education administrator: Andrea Kovács; office: NET 623, Phone: 210-2950, email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.-univ-hu

Lecturer and Chairman of the Department: Prof. Dr Edit Buzas, MD, DSc

Office: NET 717 - If you wish to discuss something with her, please email to set up an appointment.

 

Evaluation:
Attendance of a minimum of 75% of the practices is necessary for the end-term signature. The presence at the seminars (practices) are registered weekly, more than three absences (of any reason) from the seminars invalidate the semester as well.
It is YOUR responsibility to get to class on time – more than 10 minutes delay means an absence. Plan to be on campus early on test days; transit and/or traffic issues happen but you cannot be given extra time to write. Plan to be at exams early.

The presence at the midterm is the requirement for the validity of the semester.

The final grade for the course will be based on the following:
Semi-final exam (date and time set by Neptun) – 90 min. long written test: 60 points

Your mark will be calculated as follows:
Students have to reach more than 50 % of the exam scores (31 out of 60) to pass.

 

Resources:
Required Textbook:            
Abbas, Lichtmann, Pillai, Basic Immunology 5th Edition,Elsevier, 2015
Immunology seminars (e-book)http://gsi.semmelweis.hu/ (The user name and password is on the course datasheet of the Neptun.)
Lecture and practice ppt presentations 

Other Information

In the rooms of the NET building it is compulsory for everyone to wear a mask that covers both the nose and the mouse. Violation of this rule excludes a student from the practice/seminar or lecture and will have legal consequences according to the directive of the Rector and Chancellor (E/19/2020. (VIII. 28.). see http://gsi.semmelweis.hu/files/2020-21_1/Safety_Regulations_COVID.pdf.
You will be responsible for material presented in class and associated textbook sections. The textbook is your resource and will help you understand this material. It contains many of the visuals presented in the lectures. Pay careful attention to the Figures and to the questions and guidelines for study at the end of each chapter.

Midterm expected through the Moodle system:

There are two written tests on the 6th and 12th weeks of the semester. The presence at the midterm is the requirement for the validity of the semester.
The midterms will consist predominantly of multiple choice questions. The topics are based on the textbooks, the lectures, the practices and the ebook.
The success of the midterm is not a requirement to validate the semester, but based on their total scores, you receive bonus points for the semi-final exam according to the table below.

% of total scores

Bonus points added to the exam test

0-50

0

50,01-65

1

65,01-80

2

80,01-100

3

Bonus points are only credited to those who have more than 50 % of the exam scores (31 out of 60).
Recording of the midterm tasks is NOT permitted. Students in violation of these policy may have legal action taken against them.
All test scores will be posted to Neptun when available. Do not email asking when grades will be posted or for your scores; these emails will not receive a response.
There is no opportunity to postpone the time of the midterm neither to improve the midterm result. Missed Midterm/Exam – General Policies: Students must have an urgent reason for missing a course test, such as illness, compassionate grounds, etc., Supporting documentation (e.g., attending physician’s statement) is required and must be shown up to the practice teacher (or course coordinator) within one week. Valid documentation for medical situations consists of a current “Attending Physician’s Statement” Only the current form will be accepted. If you do not use the current form you will be asked to return to your physician to have the correct form filled in. A note that simply says you were seen in the clinic will not be accepted. Any documentation should cover the date of the missed test.  If you have a valid reason for missing the original midterm, make up dates will be scheduled. We announce its date and place via a Neptun message.
For taking the midterm (or exam), students have to prove their identity by an official formal personal document with a photo (i.e. passport, driving license).

Semi-final exam: The semester ends up with a colloquium (semi-final exam; exam period: December 14, 2020 - January 29, 2021).
The semifinal exam will have the same type of questions as the midterms but include short answer, table fill-in, matching, drawing type questions and may have essay questions.
The topics are based on the textbooks and the lectures as well, so attending the latter ones greatly helps students  to successfully prepare for the exam. At the exam, it is not sufficient  to repeat memorized topics from the textbook and presentations, but you have to be able to synthesize and integrate your knowledge from different parts.
The exam dates will be published one month before the beginning of the exam period. Registration for the exam dates (or modifying the registration) can be arranged exclusively online by the students’ registration system (NEPTUN). If you want to change your exam day, first you have to cancel your earlier sign up. Since we have to book the exam rooms in advance, we cannot change (increase) the maximum number of examinees. The announcement of the results takes two-four working days, depending on the number of examinees. Here we would also like to warn you  that in case of  postponing your  exam right to the end of the exam period, you may not be able to register to some of the subjects (which have Immunology  as a  prerequisite) of the next semester on time.
If you miss an exam, the second retake exam (and all others thereafter) can be taken upon payment of a retake fee. The receipt has to be presented to the examiner at the beginning of the exam. If you miss the exam for a valid reason you must request deferred standing. To request deferred standing you must submit a supporting documentation to the Students Administration Office of the Department (not to the Secretary) (NET 623) within 3 business days of the missed exam. Doctor’s notes are NOT sufficient for missed exams; you MUST have your doctor fill out the Attending Physician’s Statement (please make sure you are using the current version of the Attending Physician’s statement form – no other versions will be accepted). Exam missed without certification means the loss of one exam possibility.

Consultation in the exam period:

In the exam period the Department keeps an official 45 min consultation, once per week. The exact dates will be published on the website prior the exam period.

 

Ebook

Seminars in Immunology ebook: pdf

(Updated version 2015)

 

Exam

 

Dear Students,

The Basic Immunology exam is organized electronically, as a distance examination. You can register for it via Neptun.

In the written Immunology exams, the Rector's directive must be followed:

https://semmelweis.hu/jogigfoig/2020/09/18/e-21-2020-ix-17-sz-rektori-kancellari-utasitas-a-semmelweis-egyetemen-alkalmazando-jarvanyugyi-keszultseggel-kapcsolatos-intezkedesi-tervrol/

We would like to draw your attention to some technical issues:

The exam takes place on the interface of Moodle, including the teleconferencing interface of the Zoom. For the exam you receive a Zoom invitation via the Neptun system.

According to the referred Rector's directive, you are obliged to provide the technical background for the exams. Based on our experience, you need a Windows-based computer / laptop. It seems that Zoom and Moodle are not optimized for the iOs system either. If the connection is broken during the exam out of your responsibility, you must prove this within 3 working days, after which we will judge the situation individually.

According to the referred Rector's directive, you must also be in a Zoom contact (meeting) with the teacher supervising you during the written Moodle exams. In other words, you have to be visible and audible by the camera and microphone switched on throughout the examination. You can’t be present on Zoom and Moodle at the same time by using an iPad, tablet or phone, so keep it in mind.

It is forbidden to use headsets, earphones or any electronic or paper-based aids, or to use third parties during the whole exam. Once the noises around you can be heard, you will need a quiet place where you must be alone for the duration of the exam to avoid disturbing the other students.

If any of the above conditions are not met, the supervising teacher may exclude you from the exam.

You must join the Zoom group meeting 15 minutes before the start of the exam using the link available in Neptun. Also log in to the Moodle interface and prepare your student ID. At the official start of the exam, we will admit you from the waiting room to the “meeting” at the same time.

Before the start of the examination, you shall make a statement that you are familiar with and accepts the present regulations of the distance examination, and accepts that the examination takes place on a given electronic interface, the operation of which you are aware of.

By reading the list of names before starting the exam, you must present your student ID to the supervising teacher through the camera. In the “meeting” you have to use your own name, if you did not log in with this, you can change it to official /valid with the “rename” option. Anyone who is not present at the personal identification will be automatically excluded from the exam. After the personal identification, you will get the password in the Zoom chat window, with which you can open the exam test in the Moodle system. The test consists of 60 MC tasks (60 points), you have 45 minutes to fulfill it after opening the test.

If absolutely necessary, you can communicate with the supervising teacher in the Zoom chat.

If you have finished the written exam on Moodle, notify the supervising teacher in the Zoom chat, then you can exit Zoom. Leaving Zoom before completing the Moodle exam will invalidate your exam.

The image, sound and chat of the exam will be recorded on Zoom.

If the result of the exam test achieves / exceeds 51%, the bonus points will be added to the score achieved in the exam. (There are no bonus points on the FM course.) The result of the exam is recorded in Neptun within 48 hours.

We wish you much success!

 

Basic Immunology (FOKOGEN037_1A; FOKOGEN236_1A  ) exam topics


Good to know

The semester will be validated in the Neptun. Before the exam you can check it in the Neptun.

 The exam dates will be published one month before the beginning of the exam period. Registration for the exam dates (or modifying the registration) can be arranged exclusively online by the students’ registration system (NEPTUN). If you want to change your exam day, first you have to cancel your earlier sign up. Since we have to book the exam rooms in advance, we cannot change (increase) the number of examinees. The announcement of the results takes two-four working days, depending on the number of examinees (and may be some delay at the winter holiday season).  Here we would also like to warn you  that in case of  postponing your  exam right to the end of the exam period, you may not be able to register to some of the subjects (which have Immunology  as a  prerequisite) of the next semester on time.
If you miss the exam for a valid reason you must request deferred standing. To request deferred standing you must submit a supporting documentation to the Students Administration Office of the Department (NET 623, not to the Secretariat) within 3 business days of the missed exam. Doctor’s notes are NOT sufficient for missed exams; you MUST have your doctor fill out the Attending Physician’s Statement (please make sure you are using the current version of the Attending Physician’s statement form – no other versions will be accepted).

For taking the exam, students have to prove their identity by an official formal personal document with a photo (i.e. student card, passport, driving license).
The written exam consists multiple choice, short answer, table fill-in, matching, drawing type questions and essay questions. For passing (Grade 2-5) you have to reach more than 50 % of the exam scores.


Score table:

Scores

Mark

0-30

1

31-37

2

38-45

3

46-52

4

53-60

5


The topics are based on the textbook and the lectures, so attending them greatly helps the successful preparation for the exam. In the exam it is not enough to reproduce the topics of the textbook and presentations, but you have to be able to synthesize and integrate the knowledge from different parts.

In the exam period we offer one hour free and optional consultation generally on every week. The times of consultations will be published on our homepage.

We wish you successful preparation!

 

Reading list:

Required Course Textbook:      

  • Abbas, Abul K., Basic immunology : functions and disorders of the immune system
    Fifth edition. 2016.  ISBN 978-0-323-39082-8
  • Immunology seminars (e-book): http://gsi.semmelweis.hu/ 
    (The user name and password is on course datasheet of the Neptun.)

Recommended:                     

Lectures:

Textbook and lecture ppt-s (available on: http://gsi.semmelweis.hu/) and lecture notes 

  Lectures: ABBAS
(Textbook)

1.

Introduction
The concept of immunity, Components (primary, secondary immune organs, cells, molecules) of the immune system. Principles of the immune response: antigen specificity, sensitivity, memory, clonal selection based operation. Features of innate and adaptive, cell-mediated and humoral, primary and secondary response.

The immune homeostasis. Migration of immune cells and adhesion molecules; Cytokines and cytokine receptors. Chemokines and chemokine receptors.

Ch(apter) 1, pp(pages) 1-21; 24-25

and lecture ppt 

2.

The natural immunity
Fc-receptors; PAMP, DAMP, Pattern recognition receptors. Phagocytes and phagocytosis. Role of neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils/mast cells. Types and role of dendritic cells. Inflammasome/inflammasomopathies. Innate lymphoid cells.

Ch 2, pp 27-43; 45-50; 53

and lecture ppt

 

3.

The complement system
The activation pathways and the regulation of the complement system; Complement receptors; Complement genetics; the biological role of complement activation.

Ch8, pp176-184

and lecture ppt

4.

Inflammation and the acute phase reaction
The inflammation and the acute phase response, the provoking factors and mechanisms, periods; The acute phase plasma proteins.

Ch 2, pp 43-48

and lecture ppt

5.

Antigen, antigen presentation, MHC
The major histocompatibility complex; The ways of antigen processing and presentation.

Ch 3, pp 56-78

and lecture ppt

6.

Antigen receptors and their formation
Types and structures of antigen receptors; The immunoglobulin and TCR genes, the sources of antigen receptor diversity; Expression and production of antigen receptors.

Ch 4, pp 79-102

and lecture ppt

7.

T cells and the cell mediated immunity
Differentiation and activation of T cells, types of the T cells, the cell mediated immunity.

Ch5, pp 103- 113; 117-121; 126-127
Ch6, pp 129-143; 146

and lecture ppt

8.

B cells and the humoral immunity
The activation and differentiation of B cells, types of the B-cells, the humoral immunity.

Ch 7, pp 147-168
Ch 8 pp 169-176; 188-189

and lecture ppt

9.

Immune response in infections
Antimicrobial immune response.

Ch6, pp143-145
Ch1, pp21-24,
Ch2, pp45-53
Ch8, p186;

and lecture ppt

10.

Mucosal Immunity

Ch 1, pp17-18, Fig1-16
Ch8, pp184-185

and lecture ppt

11.

Hypersensitivity reactions
Type 1-4 reactions (See also the practical presentations)

 

Ch 11, pp231-247

and lecture ppt

12.

Immunology of transplantation
Immunological background of transplantation and GVH.

Ch10, pp219-230

and lecture ppt

13.

Immunological tolerance and autoimmunity
Mechanisms of immune tolerance. The natural autoimmunity. Idyiotype regulation and network. Pathological autoimmunity.

 

Ch9, pp191-203;
203 -210

and lecture ppt

14.

Immune deficiencies
Primer and acquired immune deficiencies.

Ch12, pp249-250;
Fig. 12-3. 12-4. 12-5; pp258-264; 265-266

and lecture ppt

15.

Tumor-immunology
Tumor antigens. Anti-tumor immunity. Escape strategies of tumor cells. Possibilities of anti-tumor immune-therapy.

Ch10, pp 211-219; 228-229

and lecture ppt

 

Practical lessons:

Seminars in Immunology (SI) and presentations on http://gsi.semmelweis.hu/

16.

 

Introduction:
General summary: role and function of immune system, basic terms. The cells and organs of immune system. Distinctive marker molecules of the immune cells.

The immune system in clinical practice: the diagnostic and therapeutic benefits of adaptive immune responses. Production of diagnostic antibodies, statistical features of diagnostic antibodies. Polyclonal, monoclonal antibodies and hybridome technique. Application of antibodies in clinical practice: Targets, or tools. The labeling of diagnostic antibodies.

SI Chapter 1

17.

 

Immunoserology:
General features of the antibodies, haptens. Immune-serological techniques: Detection of antibodies in body fluids, or detection of antigens based on the antibody-antigen reaction.  Serum electrophoresis, turbidymetry and nephelometry. Immune complex and immune precipitates. Methods based on immune precipitation: radial immunodiffusion, immunofixation. Application of immunoserology methods. Direct, indirect and passive agglutination, methods based by agglutination, fields of use.

SI Chapter 3

 

18. 

 

Immunoassays:
ELISA types, fields of use. Western blot analysis, fields of use. Lateral flow test. Immunocyto- (histo-) chemistry, fields of use.

SI Chapter 2

19. 

 

Flow cytometry
Principles of flow cytometer and cytometry. Advantages, disadvantages. Absolute clinical indications of flow cytometry. Identification of cell populations by size, granularity, Scatter plot. Immunophenotyping. CD markers of the lymphocytes. Fluorescent labelling, histogram, co-expression, dot plot. Detection of cell surface and intracellular antigens. Other applications: cell cycle analysis. Its role in clinical practice.

SI Chapter 5

 

 

20.

 

Complement
The ways of activation of complement system. Methods in laboratory, that uses the lytic capacity of the complement.. Assessment of total complement activity (CH50 test) Complement ELISA. General clinical indications for testing the complement system. Diseases of complement system. HAE disease.

SI Chapter 4

 

 

21.

 

Biological therapies
Definition of targeted molecular therapy and immune modulation. Monoclonal antibodies in the therapy: Adverse effects and types of the monoclonal antibodies, Monoclonal antibodies in the tumour therapy, checkpoint blockade, induction of ADCC, bispecific antibodies. Antibody therapy in infection, in chronic inflammatory diseases, in transplantation. TNF alpha, T- and B cells as therapeutic targets in RA.

Cytokine therapy, IVIG, Adjuvant based immunotherapy, induction of GVHR in tumourtherapy, DC-therapy, oncolytic virus therapy.

SI Chapter 13

22.

 

Immunization, vaccination
The aims and practical implementation of immunization. Optimal dose, route of administration. Adjuvants. Immunodominant epitope. Oral tolerance.

The aim of immune stimulation, active immunization. Passive vaccination.

SI Chapter 6-7,

KUBY pp574-585

23.

 

Hypersensitivity reactions I.
Penetration of antigens, types of IgE mediated responses. Deliberation of histamine and its effects. Allergy tests. Anaphylaxis vs. anaphylactoid reaction; Urticaria vs. angioedema. Food intolerance vs. food allergy. Basics of pharmacotherapy.  Desensitization and prevention.

SI Chapter 11

 

 

24.

 

Hypersensitivity reactions II-IV.
Mechanisms and diagnosis of type 2, 3 and 4 hypersensitivity reactions. Clinical examples. Diagnostic tests.

SI Chapter 12

 

25.

 

Screening methods of autoantibodies, HLA typing:
Natural vs. pathological autoantibodies. Autoantigens. Detection of autoantibodies. Example diseases.

HLA typing; HLA nomenclature. HLA typing methods. HLA associated disease examples: RA, Bechterew-disease.

SI Chapter 10

 

 

Download exam topics: doc 

 

Consultation

 

Online consultations in the exam period: every Monday 11:00 - 12:00

  • 21 December
  • 28 December
  • 4 January
  • 11 January
  • 18 January
  • 25 January

Join URL: Please sign in to access the URL!

 

----- 

Dear Students,

The Department keeps 90 minutes online make-up practices as consultations for those English ED II/III year students and EM students, who have a proven absence due to COVID-positivity, quarantine ...

If someone is absent from the practices for such reasons, it is considered as a certified absence. Students must submit a supporting documentation to the Students Administration Office of the Department to email address This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.-univ.hu

If one of these absences exceeds the 3 possible absences, a student must attend as many zoom consultations as he or she missed over the three absences, in order to obtain his or her signature.

The Meetings will be organized every two weeks on Friday at 3 pm, the first will be on the 25th of Sept.

You have to register in advance, then you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the meeting.

Please download the particular practice topics from the website and review it before the meeting.


Kind Regards,

dr Holub Marianna Csilla 
Course Coordinator of Immunology


Registration URL for the Zoom consultations:

Please sign in to access URL!

Dates: 25th Sept
           9th, 23rd Oct
           6th, 20th Nov 
           4th Dec

  

 

 

 

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